суббота, 19 октября 2013 г.

Politics Nesting Dolls

  Political themes have a long tradtion,beginning with rendition of Napoleon and Kutuzov that were created in 1912 by I.G.Prokhorov to commemorate the one hundredth-year aniversary of Russia's defeat of Napoleon.
(Kutuzov was a Russian field marshla who was a key figure in the Russian victory.)
    Political matryoshki have continued to evolve with the changing leadership.Not long after Boris Yeltsin succeeded Mikhail Gorbachev,the Yeltsin doll appeared.There was even a brief period when one could find Gorbachev dolls with Yeltsin on the inside,signifying Yeltsin's position before the outside doll.(Under Gorbachev,Yeltsin was briefly removed from the inner circle.)And even before Vladimir Putin became president,the Putin doll appeared.
     These dolls most commonly have seven pieces-Putin,Yeltsin,Gorbachev,Brezhnev,Khrushchev,Stalin,and Lenin.
    Five-pieces Putin dolls are also common,even though they leave out two important leaders of the Soviet Union.



    Ten-piece "Soviet leaders" matryoshki are also relatively common.They do not generally depict lesser known leaders like Konstantin Chernenko or Yuri Andropov,but rather include Nicholas II,Catherine the Great,and Peter the Great.Some have  three small pieces the presumably represent tsars but are really unidetifiable.On the other hand,there are some beautiful matryoshki picturing the tsars of Romanov dynasty.
http://www.russiandolls-boutique.com/nesting-dolls/nikolai-ii-family-nesting-doll/
      The most popular Soviet leader dolls are done in caricature,showing Putin with his penetrating blue eyes,Yeltsin with his bulbouse nose,Gorbachev with his birthmark,Krushchev with an ear of corn,Stalin with his pipe,and Lenin with a red star.(After a trip to Iowa,Krushchev tried to introduce corn into the Moscow region,forgetting that Iowa's climate is much warmer than Moscow's.This and similar projects contributed to Krushchev's removal as the leader of Soviet Union.)

   The artists of Ryazan have come up with a process that allows them to produce very realistic portraits.The artists deny hat the portraits are decals,but each painting is so similar that is hard to belive that they are done freehand.
  The success of the Soviet leader matryoshki has led to other ideas.First doll appeared picturing recent American presidents.


http://www.russiandolls-boutique.com/nesting-dolls/barack-obama-stucking-doll/
 Another doll shows Russian presidents one one side and American presidents on the other.In 1999,Bill Clinton dolls became the most popular poitical matryoshki.These show Cinton on the outside,with a cast of related characters on the inside,including Monica Lewinsky,Paula Jones,Gennifer Flowers,and usually Hillary Clinton. Other versions include a saxophone or a cigar.


Christmas and Father Frost

     Santa dolls are new and widespread development in matryoshka production.In Russian,Santa is called Ded moroz,"Grandfather Frost".
   http://www.russiandolls-boutique.com/christmas/carved-santa-nesting-doll/
  Grandfather Frost's helper is Snegurochka,the Snow Maiden.Therefore,many of the Santa dolls have Snow Maiden inside.There are two Snow Maidens in Russian lore,wich can create some confusion.One is Santa's helper;the other is the subject of a fairy tale.In the fairy tale,a childless couple adopts the Snow Maiden,a statue of snow they find in he woods in winter.She becomes a real person and falls in love with a young man of the village named Lel.In the spring she goes outside to see her beloved and melts away.

       The production of Santa matryoshki has expanded rapidly,largely because of their popularity in the United States.They range in size from tiny micromats to a least 15-pices dolls that are about a foot high.Some are exceedingly simple,some quite complex.



Sergei Koblov-Matryoshka Russian Artist

   Sergei Koblv was born and grew up near Oekhovo-Zuyevo,a half hour's drive east of Moscow.He graduated from the prestigious Bauman Higher Technical School in Moscow as an electrical engineer.Unable to find work after graduationSergei remembered how his father had taught him to carve,so he returned home to try to make a living using his childhood hobby.He bagan to carve and paint a series of designs.        
    Sergei's matryoshki are some of the most original in Russia.There are few other artists who carve matryoshki,but most of them carve only superfcially,adding lines to beards or facces.Sergei carves the actual figures into the wood,thereby creating a completely differet effect.
      http://www.russiandolls-boutique.com/nesting-dolls/the-turnip-carved-nesting-doll/

    Sergei specializes in traditional folk tales.Among his best dolls is "The Turnip",which pictures each of the characters of the story pulling on the shirttail of the next one.The piece de resistance is the innermost piece,which is a little carved turnip.Sergei has also developed dolls for a series of tales,inclding "The Kolobok,The Teremok,Masha and the Bear,and The Spotted Hen".In addition,Sergei does several different religious dolls: a series of saints,Noah's ark,Life of Christ,and Nativity.

    Like many folk artists,Sergei is proud of his techniques.He makes his own carving tools and his own paints,which are completely nontoxic and harmless to the environment.Sergei uses ancient recipes to make his paint and will not divulge the ingredients or the methods that he uses to prepare them.
   Sergei has organized a studio at the House of Culture in Davydovo;the studio is importnat for him asa way to ontribute to the community.The participants are mostly students and house-wives,ranging in age from eighteen to fifty.Sergei gives them lessons,provides them a place to work,and,perhaps most importnat,sell their work in Moscow.He does not charge the pupils for the lessons,but does make a small profit on sales.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

суббота, 5 октября 2013 г.